About the Author Paul Soifer holds a Ph.D. in history from Pennsylvania State University. He has more than a decade of experience teaching American history at the college level and is currently chair of the History Department at Yeshiva University High Schools of Los Angeles. Abraham Hoffman has taught Advanced Placement U.S. History since 1982 in the Los Angeles Unified School District. He has served four terms as an AP reader for the U.S. History exam. D. Stephen Voss, a specialist in voting behavior, is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Kentucky. He received his doctorate from Harvard University.